Sodium Channel-pan Colorimetric Cell-Based ELISA Kit

Product Name:	Sodium Channel-pan Colorimetric Cell-Based ELISA
Product Code:	CBCAB00861
ELISA Type:	Cell-Based
Target:	Sodium Channel-pan
Reactivity:	Human, Mouse, Rat
Dynamic Range:	> 5000 Cells
Detection Method:	Colorimetric 450 nmStorage/Stability:4°C/6 Months
Format:	96-Well Microplate

The Sodium Channel-pan Colorimetric Cell-Based ELISA Kit is a convenient, lysate-free, high throughput and sensitive assay kit that can detect Sodium Channel-pan protein expression profile in cells. The kit can be used for measuring the relative amounts of Sodium Channel-pan in cultured cells as well as screening for the effects that various treatments, inhibitors (ie siRNA or chemicals), or activators have on Sodium Channel-pan.

Qualitative determination of Sodium Channel-pan concentration is achieved by an indirect ELISA format. In essence, Sodium Channel-pan is captured by Sodium Channel-pan-specific primary antibodies while the HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies bind the Fc region of the primary antibody. Through this binding, the HRP enzyme conjugated to the secondary antibody can catalyze a colorimetric reaction upon substrate addition. Due to the qualitative nature of the Cell-Based ELISA, multiple normalization methods are needed:

1.	A monoclonal antibody specific for human GAPDH is included to serve as an internal positive control in normalizing the target absorbance values.
2.	Following the colorimetric measurement of HRP activity via substrate addition, the Crystal Violet whole-cell staining method may be used to determine cell density. After staining, the results can be analysed by normalizing the absorbance values to cell amounts, by which the plating difference can be adjusted.

Database Information:	Gene ID: 6323/6326/6328/6329/6331/6334/6335/6336/11280, UniProt ID: P35498/Q99250/Q9NY46/P35499/Q14524/Q9UQD0/Q15858/Q9Y5Y9/Q9UI33, OMIM: 182389/604233/604403/607208/609634/182390/604233/607745/182391/168300/170500/603967/608390/613345108770/113900/272120/600163/601144/601154/603829/603830/608567/600702/133020/167400/243000/603415/604427/604385, Unigene: Hs.22654/Hs.93485/Hs.435274/Hs.46038/Hs.517898/Hs.710638/Hs.439145/Hs.250443/Hs.591657
Gene Symbol:	SCN1A/SCN2A/SCN3A/SCN4A/SCN5A/SCN8A/SCN9A/SCN10A/SCN11A
Sub Type:	None

UniProt Protein Function:	SCN1A: Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. Defects in SCN1A are the cause of generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus type 2 (GEFS+2). Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures-plus refers to a rare autosomal dominant, familial condition with incomplete penetrance and large intrafamilial variability. Patients display febrile seizures persisting sometimes beyond the age of 6 years and/or a variety of afebrile seizure types. GEFS+ is a disease combining febrile seizures, generalized seizures often precipitated by fever at age 6 years or more, and partial seizures, with a variable degree of severity. Defects in SCN1A are a cause of severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy (SMEI); also called Dravet syndrome. SMEI is a rare disorder characterized by generalized tonic, clonic, and tonic-clonic seizures that are initially induced by fever and begin during the first year of life. Later, patients also manifest other seizure types, including absence, myoclonic, and simple and complex partial seizures. Psychomotor development delay is observed around the second year of life. SMEI is considered to be the most severe phenotype within the spectrum of generalized epilepsies with febrile seizures-plus. Defects in SCN1A are a cause of intractable childhood epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures (ICEGTC). ICEGTC is a disorder characterized by generalized tonic-clonic seizures beginning usually in infancy and induced by fever. Seizures are associated with subsequent mental decline, as well as ataxia or hypotonia. ICEGTC is similar to SMEI, except for the absence of myoclonic seizures. Defects in SCN1A are the cause of familial hemiplegic migraine type 3 (FHM3). FHM3 is an autosomal dominant severe subtype of migraine with aura characterized by some degree of hemiparesis during the attacks. The episodes are associated with variable features of nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia. Age at onset ranges from 6 to 15 years. FHM is occasionally associated with other neurologic symptoms such as cerebellar ataxia or epileptic seizures. A unique eye phenotype of elicited repetitive daily blindness has also been reported to be cosegregating with FHM in a single Swiss family. Defects in SCN1A are the cause of familial febrile convulsions type 3A (FEB3A); also known as familial febrile seizures 3. Febrile convulsions are seizures associated with febrile episodes in childhood without any evidence of intracranial infection or defined pathologic or traumatic cause. It is a common condition, affecting 2-5% of children aged 3 months to 5 years. The majority are simple febrile seizures (generally defined as generalized onset, single seizures with a duration of less than 30 minutes). Complex febrile seizures are characterized by focal onset, duration greater than 30 minutes, and/or more than one seizure in a 24 hour period. The likelihood of developing epilepsy following simple febrile seizures is low. Complex febrile seizures are associated with a moderately increased incidence of epilepsy. Belongs to the sodium channel (TC 1.A.1.10) family. Nav1.1/SCN1A subfamily. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.
UniProt Protein Details:	Protein type:Channel, sodium; Membrane protein, multi-pass; Membrane protein, integral Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 2q24.3 Cellular Component: cell soma; plasma membrane; T-tubule; voltage-gated sodium channel complex; Z disc Molecular Function:sodium ion binding; voltage-gated sodium channel activity Biological Process: action potential propagation; adult walking behavior; generation of action potential; neuromuscular process controlling posture; positive regulation of defense response to virus by host; regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential; sodium ion transport Disease: Epileptic Encephalopathy, Early Infantile, 6; Generalized Epilepsy With Febrile Seizures Plus, Type 2; Migraine, Familial Hemiplegic, 3
NCBI Summary:	Voltage-dependent sodium channels are heteromeric complexes that regulate sodium exchange between intracellular and extracellular spaces and are essential for the generation and propagation of action potentials in muscle cells and neurons. Each sodium channel is composed of a large pore-forming, glycosylated alpha subunit and two smaller beta subunits. This gene encodes a sodium channel alpha subunit, which has four homologous domains, each of which contains six transmembrane regions. Allelic variants of this gene are associated with generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures and epileptic encephalopathy. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. The RefSeq Project has decided to create four representative RefSeq records. Three of the transcript variants are supported by experimental evidence and the fourth contains alternate 5' untranslated exons, the exact combination of which have not been experimentally confirmed for the full-length transcript. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]
UniProt Code:	P35498
NCBI GenInfo Identifier:	260166633
NCBI Gene ID:	6323
NCBI Accession:	NP_001159435.1
UniProt Related Accession:	P35498
Molecular Weight:	~ 229kDa
NCBI Full Name:	sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha isoform 1
NCBI Synonym Full Names:	sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 1
NCBI Official Symbol:	SCN1A
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols:	FEB3; FHM3; NAC1; SCN1; SMEI; EIEE6; FEB3A; HBSCI; GEFSP2; Nav1.1
NCBI Protein Information:	sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha
UniProt Protein Name:	Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha
UniProt Synonym Protein Names:	Sodium channel protein brain I subunit alpha; Sodium channel protein type I subunit alpha; Voltage-gated sodium channel subunit alpha Nav1.1
Protein Family:	Staphylococcal complement inhibitor
UniProt Gene Name:	SCN1A
UniProt Entry Name:	SCN1A_HUMAN

Component	Quantity
96-Well Cell Culture Clear-Bottom Microplate	2 plates
10X TBS	24 mL
Quenching Buffer	24 mL
Blocking Buffer	50 mL
15X Wash Buffer	50 mL
Primary Antibody Diluent	12 mL
100x Anti-Phospho Target Antibody	60 µL
100x Anti-Target Antibody	60 µL
Anti-GAPDH Antibody	60 µL
HRP-Conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Antibody	12 mL
HRP-Conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Antibody	12 mL
SDS Solution	12 mL
Stop Solution	24 mL
Ready-to-Use Substrate	12 mL
Crystal Violet Solution	12 mL
Adhesive Plate Seals	2 seals

The following materials and/or equipment are NOT provided in this kit but are necessary to successfully conduct the experiment:

Microplate reader able to measure absorbance at 450 nm and/or 595 nm for Crystal Violet Cell Staining (Optional)
Micropipettes with capability of measuring volumes ranging from 1 µL to 1 ml
37% formaldehyde (Sigma Cat# F-8775) or formaldehyde from other sources
Squirt bottle, manifold dispenser, multichannel pipette reservoir or automated microplate washer
Graph paper or computer software capable of generating or displaying logarithmic functions
Absorbent papers or vacuum aspirator
Test tubes or microfuge tubes capable of storing ≥1 ml
Poly-L-Lysine (Sigma Cat# P4832 for suspension cells)
Orbital shaker (optional)
Deionized or sterile water

*Note: Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.

Step	Procedure
1.	Seed 200 µL of 20,000 adherent cells in culture medium in each well of a 96-well plate. The plates included in the kit are sterile and treated for cell culture. For suspension cells and loosely attached cells, coat the plates with 100 µL of 10 µg/ml Poly-L-Lysine (not included) to each well of a 96-well plate for 30 minutes at 37°C prior to adding cells.
2.	Incubate the cells for overnight at 37°C, 5% CO2.
3.	Treat the cells as desired.
4.	Remove the cell culture medium and rinse with 200 µL of 1x TBS, twice.
5.	Fix the cells by incubating with 100 µL of Fixing Solution for 20 minutes at room temperature. The 4% formaldehyde is used for adherent cells and 8% formaldehyde is used for suspension cells and loosely attached cells.
6.	Remove the Fixing Solution and wash the plate 3 times with 200 µL 1x Wash Buffer for five minutes each time with gentle shaking on the orbital shaker. The plate can be stored at 4°C for a week.
7.	Add 100 µL of Quenching Buffer and incubate for 20 minutes at room temperature.
8.	Wash the plate 3 times with 1x Wash Buffer for 5 minutes each time.
9.	Add 200 µL of Blocking Buffer and incubate for 1 hour at room temperature.
10.	Wash 3 times with 200 µL of 1x Wash Buffer for 5 minutes each time.
11.	Add 50 µL of 1x primary antibodies (Anti-Sodium Channel-pan Antibody and/or Anti-GAPDH Antibody) to the corresponding wells, cover with Parafilm and incubate for 16 hours (overnight) at 4°C. If the target expression is known to be high, incubate for 2 hours at room temperature.
12.	Wash 3 times with 200 µL of 1x Wash Buffer for 5 minutes each time.
13.	Add 50 µL of 1x secondary antibodies (HRP-Conjugated AntiRabbit IgG Antibody or HRP-Conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Antibody) to corresponding wells and incubate for 1.5 hours at room temperature.
14.	Wash 3 times with 200 µL of 1x Wash Buffer for 5 minutes each time.
15.	Add 50 µL of Ready-to-Use Substrate to each well and incubate for 30 minutes at room temperature in the dark.
16.	Add 50 µL of Stop Solution to each well and read OD at 450 nm immediately using the microplate reader.

(Additional Crystal Violet staining may be performed if desired – details of this may be found in the kit technical manual.)

Sodium Channel-pan Colorimetric Cell-Based ELISA Kit (CBCAB00861)

Description