Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2); a first homolog of ACE; regulates the renin angiotensin system (RAS) by counterbalancing ACE activity. Accumulating evidence in recent years has demonstrated a physiological and pathological role of ACE2 in the cardiovascular; renal and respiratory systems. ACE2 also has an important role in blood pressure control. This enzyme; an homolog of ACE; hydrolyzes angiotensin (Ang) I to produce Ang-(1-9); which is subsequently converted into Ang-(1-7) by a neutral endopeptidase and ACE. ACE2 releases Ang-(1-7) more efficiently than its catalysis of Ang-(1-9) by cleavage of Pro(7)-Phe(8) bound in Ang II. Thus; the major biologically active product of ACE2 is Ang-(1-7); which is considered to be a beneficial peptide of the RAS cascade in the cardiovascular system. A physiological role for ACE2 has been implicated in hypertension; cardiac function; heart function and diabetes; and as a receptor of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. In the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); ACE; AngII; and AT1R promote the disease pathogenesis; whereas ACE2 and the AT2R protect from ARDS. Importantly; ACE2 has been identified as a key SARS-coronavirus receptor and plays a protective role in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) pathogenesis. Furthermore; the recent explosion of research into the ACE2 homolog; collectrin; has revealed a new physiological function of ACE2 as an amino acid transporter; which explains the pathogenic role of gene mutations in Hartnup disorder. This review summarizes and discusses the recently unveiled roles for ACE2 in disease pathogenesis.
1.Using the Octet RED System; the affinity constant (Kd) of human AEC2-Fc bound to Spike (HCoV-EMC/2012) was 6 nM.2. Using the Octet RED System; the affinity constant (Kd) of human AEC2-Fc bound to Spike (HCoV-EMC/2012) was 30 nM.3. Using the Octet RED System; the affinity constant (Kd) of human AEC2-Fc bound to Spike (HCoV-EMC/2012) (ECD; aa 1-1297) was 30 nM.4. Using the Octet RED System; the affinity constant (Kd) of human AEC2-Fc bound to Spike-His (aa 1-760) was 10 nM.
Endotoxin:
<1.0 EU per µg as determined by the LAL method.
Protein Construction:
A DNA sequence encoding the extracellular domain (Met 1-Ser 740) of human ACE2 precursor (NP_068576.1) was expressed with the fused Fc region of human IgG1 at the C-terminus.
This product is provided as lyophilized powder which is shipped with ice packs.
Stability and Storage:
Lyophilized proteins are stable for up to 12 months when stored at -20 to -80°C. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 4-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at < -20°C for 3 months.
