Rat Tyrosine-protein kinase Mer (Mertk) ELISA Kit

Product Name:	Rat Tyrosine-protein kinase Mer (Mertk) ELISA Kit
SKU:	RTEB0949
Size:	96T
Target:	Rat Tyrosine-protein kinase Mer (Mertk)
Synonyms:	Proto-oncogene c-Mer, Receptor tyrosine kinase MerTK, Mer
Assay Type:	Sandwich
Detection Method:	ELISA
Reactivity:	Rat
Detection Range:	0.156-10ng/mL
Sensitivity:	0.083ng/mL

Intra CV:

4.6%

Inter CV:

9.4%

Linearity:

Sample	1:2	1:4	1:8	1:16
Serum(N=5)	108-120%	84-94%	91-104%	108-117%
EDTA Plasma(N=5)	107-120%	81-93%	91-100%	102-112%
Heparin Plasma(N=5)	91-100%	81-92%	94-104%	106-117%

Recovery:

Sample Type	Average(%)	Recovery Range(%)
Serum	115	109-120
Plasma	117	111-120

Function:

Receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding to several ligands including LGALS3, TUB, TULP1 or GAS6. Regulates many physiological processes including cell survival, migration, differentiation, and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis). Ligand binding at the cell surface induces autophosphorylation of MERTK on its intracellular domain that provides docking sites for downstream signaling molecules. Following activation by ligand, interacts with GRB2 or PLCG2 and induces phosphorylation of MAPK1, MAPK2, FAK/PTK2 or RAC1. MERTK signaling plays a role in various processes such as macrophage clearance of apoptotic cells, platelet aggregation, cytoskeleton reorganization and engulfment. Functions in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) as a regulator of rod outer segments fragments phagocytosis. Plays also an important role in inhibition of Toll-like receptors (TLRs)-mediated innate immune response by activating STAT1, which selectively induces production of suppressors of cytokine signaling SOCS1 and SOCS3.

Uniprot:	P57097
Sample Type:	Serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids
Specificity:	Natural and recombinant rat Tyrosine-protein kinase Mer
Sub Unit:	Interacts (upon activation) with TNK2; stimulates TNK2 autophosphorylation. Interacts (via N-terminus) with extracellular ligands LGALS3, TUB, TULP1 and GAS6. Interacts with VAV1 in a phosphotyrosine-independent manner.
Research Area:	Neurosciences
Subcellular Location:	Membrane Single-pass type I membrane protein
Storage:	Please see kit components below for exact storage details
Note:	For research use only

UniProt Protein Function:	Mer: a proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine-protein kinase of the Axl family. Binds several ligands including LGALS3, Tubby, TULP1 or GAS6. Regulates many physiological processes including cell survival, migration, differentiation, and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis). Functions in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) as a regulator of rod outer segments fragments phagocytosis. Plays also an important role in inhibition of Toll-like receptors (TLRs)-mediated innate immune response by activating STAT1, which selectively induces production of suppressors of cytokine signaling SOCS1 and SOCS3Protein type: Oncoprotein; Kinase, protein; Protein kinase, TK; EC 2.7.10.1; Protein kinase, tyrosine (receptor); Membrane protein, integral; TK group; Axl familyChromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 2q14.1Cellular Component: extracellular space; photoreceptor outer segment; integral to plasma membrane; cytoplasm; plasma membraneMolecular Function: protein binding; transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity; ATP bindingBiological Process: negative regulation of lymphocyte activation; platelet activation; peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; vagina development; protein amino acid phosphorylation; phagocytosis; cell surface receptor linked signal transduction; cell-cell signaling; retina development in camera-type eye; natural killer cell differentiation; positive regulation of phagocytosis; protein kinase B signaling cascade; spermatogenesis; blood coagulation; leukocyte migration; apoptotic cell clearance; secretion by cellDisease: Retinitis Pigmentosa 38
UniProt Protein Details:
NCBI Summary:	This gene is a member of the MER/AXL/TYRO3 receptor kinase family and encodes a transmembrane protein with two fibronectin type-III domains, two Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domains, and one tyrosine kinase domain. Mutations in this gene have been associated with disruption of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) phagocytosis pathway and onset of autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (RP). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
UniProt Code:	P57097
NCBI GenInfo Identifier:	66932918
NCBI Gene ID:	10461
NCBI Accession:	NP_006334.2
UniProt Secondary Accession:	P57097,Q9HBB4
UniProt Related Accession:	P57097,Q12866
Molecular Weight:	110,249 Da
NCBI Full Name:	tyrosine-protein kinase Mer
NCBI Synonym Full Names:	MER proto-oncogene, tyrosine kinase
NCBI Official Symbol:	MERTK
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols:	MER; RP38; c-Eyk; c-mer; Tyro12
NCBI Protein Information:	tyrosine-protein kinase Mer; STK kinase; proto-oncogene c-Mer; MER receptor tyrosine kinase; receptor tyrosine kinase MerTK; c-mer proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase
UniProt Protein Name:	Tyrosine-protein kinase Mer
UniProt Synonym Protein Names:	Proto-oncogene c-Mer; Receptor tyrosine kinase MerTK
Protein Family:	Tyrosine-protein kinase
UniProt Gene Name:	MERTK
UniProt Entry Name:	MERTK_HUMAN

Component	Quantity (96 Assays)	Storage
ELISA Microplate (Dismountable)	8×12 strips	-20°C
Lyophilized Standard	2	-20°C
Sample Diluent	20ml	-20°C
Assay Diluent A	10mL	-20°C
Assay Diluent B	10mL	-20°C
Detection Reagent A	120µL	-20°C
Detection Reagent B	120µL	-20°C
Wash Buffer	30mL	4°C
Substrate	10mL	4°C
Stop Solution	10mL	4°C
Plate Sealer	5	-

Other materials and equipment required:

Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
Incubator
Deionized or distilled water
Absorbent paper
Buffer resevoir

*Note: The below protocol is a sample protocol. Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.

Allow all reagents to reach room temperature (Please do not dissolve the reagents at 37°C directly). All the reagents should be mixed thoroughly by gently swirling before pipetting. Avoid foaming. Keep appropriate numbers of strips for 1 experiment and remove extra strips from microtiter plate. Removed strips should be resealed and stored at -20°C until the kits expiry date. Prepare all reagents, working standards and samples as directed in the previous sections. Please predict the concentration before assaying. If values for these are not within the range of the standard curve, users must determine the optimal sample dilutions for their experiments. We recommend running all samples in duplicate.

Step
1.	Add Sample: Add 100µL of Standard, Blank, or Sample per well. The blank well is added with Sample diluent. Solutions are added to the bottom of micro ELISA plate well, avoid inside wall touching and foaming as possible. Mix it gently. Cover the plate with sealer we provided. Incubate for 120 minutes at 37°C.
2.	Remove the liquid from each well, don't wash. Add 100µL of Detection Reagent A working solution to each well. Cover with the Plate sealer. Gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing. Incubate for 1 hour at 37°C. Note: if Detection Reagent A appears cloudy warm to room temperature until solution is uniform.
3.	Aspirate each well and wash, repeating the process three times. Wash by filling each well with Wash Buffer (approximately 400µL) (a squirt bottle, multi-channel pipette,manifold dispenser or automated washer are needed). Complete removal of liquid at each step is essential. After the last wash, completely remove remaining Wash Buffer by aspirating or decanting. Invert the plate and pat it against thick clean absorbent paper.
4.	Add 100µL of Detection Reagent B working solution to each well. Cover with the Plate sealer. Incubate for 60 minutes at 37°C.
5.	Repeat the wash process for five times as conducted in step 3.
6.	Add 90µL of Substrate Solution to each well. Cover with a new Plate sealer and incubate for 10-20 minutes at 37°C. Protect the plate from light. The reaction time can be shortened or extended according to the actual color change, but this should not exceed more than 30 minutes. When apparent gradient appears in standard wells, user should terminatethe reaction.
7.	Add 50µL of Stop Solution to each well. If color change does not appear uniform, gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing.
8.	Determine the optical density (OD value) of each well at once, using a micro-plate reader set to 450 nm. User should open the micro-plate reader in advance, preheat the instrument, and set the testing parameters.
9.	After experiment, store all reagents according to the specified storage temperature respectively until their expiry.

When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.

Sample Type	Protocol
Serum	If using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Plasma	Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit.
Urine & Cerebrospinal Fluid	Collect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid.
Cell culture supernatant	Collect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately.
Cell lysates	Solubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Tissue homogenates	The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C.
Tissue lysates	Rinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Breast Milk	Collect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles.