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Human PENK / Proenkephalin ELISA Kit

SKU:
HUFI00599
Product Type:
ELISA Kit
Size:
96 Assays
Uniprot:
P01210
Sensitivity:
46.875pg/ml
Range:
78.125-5000pg/ml
ELISA Type:
Sandwich
Synonyms:
PENK, Proenkephalin-A
Reactivity:
Human
Research Area:
Cell Biology
€599
Frequently bought together:

Description

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Human PENK/Proenkephalin ELISA Kit

The Human PENK (Proenkephalin) ELISA Kit is a cutting-edge tool for the precise measurement of proenkephalin levels in human samples such as serum, plasma, and cell culture supernatants. This kit offers unparalleled sensitivity and specificity, ensuring trustworthy and consistent results for various research endeavors.Proenkephalin is a pivotal peptide precursor that generates endogenous opioids, playing a vital role in pain perception and modulation. Its dysregulation has been linked to various pathological conditions, including chronic pain, addiction, and neurological disorders.

By accurately quantifying proenkephalin levels, researchers can gain valuable insights into these complex conditions and explore potential therapeutic interventions.Overall, the Human PENK ELISA Kit is a valuable asset for researchers seeking to delve deeper into the intricate mechanisms of pain regulation and explore novel treatment avenues for associated disorders.

Product Name:Human PENK / Proenkephalin ELISA Kit
Product Code:HUFI00599
Size:96 Assays
Alias:PENK, Proenkephalin-A
Detection method:Sandwich ELISA, Double Antibody
Application:This immunoassay kit allows for the in vitro quantitative determination of Human PENK concentrations in serum plasma and other biological fluids.
Sensitivity:46.875pg/ml
Range:78.125-5000pg/ml
Storage:4°C for 6 months
Note:For Research Use Only
Recovery:Matrices listed below were spiked with certain level of Human PENK and the recovery rates were calculated by comparing the measured value to the expected amount of Human PENK in samples.
MatrixRecovery range(%)Average(%)
serum(n=5)89-10396
EDTA plasma(n=5)85-10194
UFH plasma(n=5)86-9893
Linearity:The linearity of the kit was assayed by testing samples spiked with appropriate concentration of Human PENK and their serial dilutions. The results were demonstrated by the percentage of calculated concentration to the expected.
Sample1:21:41:8
serum(n=5)93-104%88-92%85-98%
EDTA plasma(n=5)91-98%83-101%83-98%
UFH plasma(n=5)80-97%80-100%80-95%
CV(%):Intra-Assay: CV<8%
Inter-Assay: CV<10%
ComponentQuantityStorage
ELISA Microplate (Dismountable)8×12 strips4°C for 6 months
Lyophilized Standard24°C/-20°C
Sample/Standard Dilution Buffer20ml4°C
Biotin-labeled Antibody(Concentrated)120ul4°C (Protect from light)
Antibody Dilution Buffer10ml4°C
HRP-Streptavidin Conjugate(SABC)120ul4°C (Protect from light)
SABC Dilution Buffer10ml4°C
TMB Substrate10ml4°C (Protect from light)
Stop Solution10ml4°C
Wash Buffer(25X)30ml4°C
Plate Sealer5-

Other materials and equipment required:

  • Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
  • Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
  • Incubator
  • Deionized or distilled water
  • Absorbent paper
  • Buffer resevoir
UniprotP01210
UniProt Protein Function:PENK: Met- and Leu-enkephalins compete with and mimic the effects of opiate drugs. They play a role in a number of physiologic functions, including pain perception and responses to stress. PENK(114-133) and PENK(237-258) increase glutamate release in the striatum. PENK(114-133) decreases GABA concentration in the striatum. Belongs to the opioid neuropeptide precursor family.
UniProt Protein Details:Protein type:Hormone; Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 8q12.1

Cellular Component: cell soma; dendrite; extracellular region; nerve terminal; plasma membrane

Molecular Function:neuropeptide hormone activity; opioid receptor binding

Biological Process: neuropeptide signaling pathway; sensory perception; signal transduction; synaptic transmission

NCBI Summary:This gene encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate multiple protein products. These products include the pentapeptide opioids Met-enkephalin and Leu-enkephalin, which are stored in synaptic vesicles, then released into the synapse where they bind to mu- and delta-opioid receptors to modulate the perception of pain. Other non-opioid cleavage products may function in distinct biological activities. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2015]
UniProt Code:P01210
NCBI GenInfo Identifier:129770
NCBI Gene ID:5179
NCBI Accession:P01210.1
UniProt Secondary Accession:P01210,Q6FHC6, Q6FHE6, B2RC23,
UniProt Related Accession:P01210
Molecular Weight:30,787 Da
NCBI Full Name:Proenkephalin-A
NCBI Synonym Full Names:proenkephalin
NCBI Official Symbol:PENK
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols:PE; PENK-A
NCBI Protein Information:proenkephalin-A
UniProt Protein Name:Proenkephalin-A
UniProt Synonym Protein Names:SynenkephalinMet-enkephalinAlternative name(s):Opioid growth factor; OGF
Protein Family:Proenkephalin
UniProt Gene Name:PENK

*Note: Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.

Before adding to wells, equilibrate the SABC working solution and TMB substrate for at least 30 min at 37°C. When diluting samples and reagents, they must be mixed completely and evenly. It is recommended to plot a standard curve for each test.

StepProtocol
1.Set standard, test sample and control (zero) wells on the pre-coated plate respectively, and then, record their positions. It is recommended to measure each standard and sample in duplicate. Wash plate 2 times before adding standard, sample and control (zero) wells!
2.Aliquot 0.1ml standard solutions into the standard wells.
3.Add 0.1 ml of Sample / Standard dilution buffer into the control (zero) well.
4.Add 0.1 ml of properly diluted sample ( Human serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.) into test sample wells.
5.Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37 °C for 90 min.
6.Remove the cover and discard the plate content, clap the plate on the absorbent filter papers or other absorbent material. Do NOT let the wells completely dry at any time. Wash plate X2.
7.Add 0.1 ml of Biotin- detection antibody working solution into the above wells (standard, test sample & zero wells). Add the solution at the bottom of each well without touching the side wall.
8.Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37°C for 60 min.
9.Remove the cover, and wash plate 3 times with Wash buffer. Let wash buffer rest in wells for 1 min between each wash.
10.Add 0.1 ml of SABC working solution into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C for 30 min.
11.Remove the cover and wash plate 5 times with Wash buffer, and each time let the wash buffer stay in the wells for 1-2 min.
12.Add 90 µl of TMB substrate into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C in dark within 10-20 min. (Note: This incubation time is for reference use only, the optimal time should be determined by end user.) And the shades of blue can be seen in the first 3-4 wells (with most concentrated standard solutions), the other wells show no obvious color.
13.Add 50 µl of Stop solution into each well and mix thoroughly. The color changes into yellow immediately.
14. Read the O.D. absorbance at 450 nm in a microplate reader immediately after adding the stop solution.

When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.

Sample TypeProtocol
SerumIf using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

PlasmaCollect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit.
Urine & Cerebrospinal FluidCollect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid.
Cell culture supernatantCollect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately.
Cell lysatesSolubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Tissue homogenatesThe preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C.
Tissue lysatesRinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Breast MilkCollect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles.

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