Human Membrane cofactor protein (CD46) ELISA Kit

Product Name:	Human Membrane cofactor protein (CD46) ELISA Kit
SKU:	HUEB1340
Size:	96T
Target:	Human Membrane cofactor protein (CD46)
Synonyms:	TLX, Trophoblast leukocyte common antigen, CD46, MCP, MIC10
Assay Type:	Sandwich
Detection Method:	ELISA
Reactivity:	Human
Detection Range:	31.2-2000pg/mL
Sensitivity:	10pg/mL

Intra CV:

4.4%

Inter CV:

6.7%

Linearity:

Sample	1:2	1:4	1:8	1:16
Serum(N=5)	116-125%	111-120%	108-117%	92-101%
EDTA Plasma(N=5)	88-98%	106-119%	96-106%	104-114%
Heparin Plasma(N=5)	109-119%	97-107%	98-107%	91-103%

Recovery:

Sample Type	Average(%)	Recovery Range(%)
Serum	94	88-100
Plasma	96	90-102

Function:

(Microbial infection) A number of viral and bacterial pathogens seem to bind MCP in order to exploit its immune regulation property and directly induce an immunosuppressive phenotype in T-cells. Acts as a receptor for adenovirus subgroup B2 and Ad3, cultured measles virus and herpesvirus 6 (PubMed:10972291, PubMed:12663806, PubMed:12724329, PubMed:12915534, PubMed:14566335, PubMed:15047806, PubMed:15078926, PubMed:15919905, PubMed:16254377). May act as a receptor for pathogenic bacteria Neisseria and Streptococcus pyogenes (PubMed:7708671, PubMed:9379894, PubMed:11260136, PubMed:11971006).

Uniprot:	P15529
Sample Type:	Serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids
Specificity:	Natural and recombinant human Membrane cofactor protein
Sub Unit:	(Microbial infection) Binds to Streptococcus pyogenes M protein and to type IV pili from Neisseria (PubMed:7708671, PubMed:9379894, PubMed:11260136, PubMed:11971006).
Research Area:	Immunology
Subcellular Location:	Cytoplasmic vesicle Secretory vesicle Acrosome inner membrane Single-pass type I membrane protein Inner acrosomal membrane of spermatozoa. Internalized upon binding of Measles virus, Herpesvirus 6 or Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which results in an increased susceptibility of infected cells to complement-mediated injury. In cancer cells or cells infected by Neisseria, shedding leads to a soluble peptide.
Storage:	Please see kit components below for exact storage details
Note:	For research use only

UniProt Protein Function:	CD46: Acts as a cofactor for complement factor I, a serine protease which protects autologous cells against complement- mediated injury by cleaving C3b and C4b deposited on host tissue. May be involved in the fusion of the spermatozoa with the oocyte during fertilization. Also acts as a costimulatory factor for T- cells which induces the differentiation of CD4+ into T-regulatory 1 cells. T-regulatory 1 cells suppress immune responses by secreting interleukin-10, and therefore are thought to prevent autoimmunity. A number of viral and bacterial pathogens seem to exploit this property and directly induce an immunosuppressive phenotype in T-cells by binding to CD46. Defects in CD46 are a cause of susceptibility to hemolytic uremic syndrome atypical type 2 (AHUS2). An atypical form of hemolytic uremic syndrome. It is a complex genetic disease characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, renal failure and absence of episodes of enterocolitis and diarrhea. In contrast to typical hemolytic uremic syndrome, atypical forms have a poorer prognosis, with higher death rates and frequent progression to end-stage renal disease. Susceptibility to the development of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome can be conferred by mutations in various components of or regulatory factors in the complement cascade system. Other genes may play a role in modifying the phenotype. Patients with CD46 mutations seem to have an overall better prognosis compared to patients carrying CFH mutations. 16 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.
UniProt Protein Details:	Protein type:Membrane protein, integral; Receptor, misc.; Cell surface Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1q32 Cellular Component: Golgi apparatus; inner acrosomal membrane; focal adhesion; cell surface; basolateral plasma membrane; integral to plasma membrane; plasma membrane Molecular Function:enzyme inhibitor activity; complement binding; protein binding; cadherin binding; endopeptidase activity; receptor activity Biological Process: positive regulation of memory T cell differentiation; adaptive immune response; positive regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation; viral reproduction; T cell mediated immunity; proteolysis; positive regulation of interleukin-10 production; regulation of Notch signaling pathway; negative regulation of complement activation; single fertilization; negative regulation of catalytic activity; interleukin-10 production; regulation of complement activation; innate immune response; positive regulation of T cell proliferation; complement activation, classical pathway
NCBI Summary:	The protein encoded by this gene is a type I membrane protein and is a regulatory part of the complement system. The encoded protein has cofactor activity for inactivation of complement components C3b and C4b by serum factor I, which protects the host cell from damage by complement. In addition, the encoded protein can act as a receptor for the Edmonston strain of measles virus, human herpesvirus-6, and type IV pili of pathogenic Neisseria. Finally, the protein encoded by this gene may be involved in the fusion of the spermatozoa with the oocyte during fertilization. Mutations at this locus have been associated with susceptibility to hemolytic uremic syndrome. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]
UniProt Code:	P15529
NCBI GenInfo Identifier:	41019474
NCBI Gene ID:	4179
NCBI Accession:	P15529.3
UniProt Secondary Accession:	P15529,Q15429, Q53GV9, Q5HY94, Q5VWS6, Q5VWS7, Q5VWS8 Q5VWS9, Q5VWT0, A0T1T0, A0T1T1, A0T1T2,
UniProt Related Accession:	P15529
Molecular Weight:	392
NCBI Full Name:	Membrane cofactor protein
NCBI Synonym Full Names:	CD46 molecule, complement regulatory protein
NCBI Official Symbol:	CD46
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols:	MCP; TLX; AHUS2; MIC10; TRA2.10
NCBI Protein Information:	membrane cofactor protein; measles virus receptor; complement membrane cofactor protein; trophoblast leucocyte common antigen; trophoblast leukocyte common antigen; CD46 antigen, complement regulatory protein; trophoblast-lymphocyte cross-reactive antigen
UniProt Protein Name:	Membrane cofactor protein
UniProt Synonym Protein Names:	TLX; Trophoblast leukocyte common antigen; CD_antigen: CD46
Protein Family:	Membrane cofactor protein
UniProt Gene Name:	CD46
UniProt Entry Name:	MCP_HUMAN

Component	Quantity (96 Assays)	Storage
ELISA Microplate (Dismountable)	8×12 strips	-20°C
Lyophilized Standard	2	-20°C
Sample Diluent	20ml	-20°C
Assay Diluent A	10mL	-20°C
Assay Diluent B	10mL	-20°C
Detection Reagent A	120µL	-20°C
Detection Reagent B	120µL	-20°C
Wash Buffer	30mL	4°C
Substrate	10mL	4°C
Stop Solution	10mL	4°C
Plate Sealer	5	-

Other materials and equipment required:

Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
Incubator
Deionized or distilled water
Absorbent paper
Buffer resevoir

*Note: The below protocol is a sample protocol. Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.

Allow all reagents to reach room temperature (Please do not dissolve the reagents at 37°C directly). All the reagents should be mixed thoroughly by gently swirling before pipetting. Avoid foaming. Keep appropriate numbers of strips for 1 experiment and remove extra strips from microtiter plate. Removed strips should be resealed and stored at -20°C until the kits expiry date. Prepare all reagents, working standards and samples as directed in the previous sections. Please predict the concentration before assaying. If values for these are not within the range of the standard curve, users must determine the optimal sample dilutions for their experiments. We recommend running all samples in duplicate.

Step
1.	Add Sample: Add 100µL of Standard, Blank, or Sample per well. The blank well is added with Sample diluent. Solutions are added to the bottom of micro ELISA plate well, avoid inside wall touching and foaming as possible. Mix it gently. Cover the plate with sealer we provided. Incubate for 120 minutes at 37°C.
2.	Remove the liquid from each well, don't wash. Add 100µL of Detection Reagent A working solution to each well. Cover with the Plate sealer. Gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing. Incubate for 1 hour at 37°C. Note: if Detection Reagent A appears cloudy warm to room temperature until solution is uniform.
3.	Aspirate each well and wash, repeating the process three times. Wash by filling each well with Wash Buffer (approximately 400µL) (a squirt bottle, multi-channel pipette,manifold dispenser or automated washer are needed). Complete removal of liquid at each step is essential. After the last wash, completely remove remaining Wash Buffer by aspirating or decanting. Invert the plate and pat it against thick clean absorbent paper.
4.	Add 100µL of Detection Reagent B working solution to each well. Cover with the Plate sealer. Incubate for 60 minutes at 37°C.
5.	Repeat the wash process for five times as conducted in step 3.
6.	Add 90µL of Substrate Solution to each well. Cover with a new Plate sealer and incubate for 10-20 minutes at 37°C. Protect the plate from light. The reaction time can be shortened or extended according to the actual color change, but this should not exceed more than 30 minutes. When apparent gradient appears in standard wells, user should terminatethe reaction.
7.	Add 50µL of Stop Solution to each well. If color change does not appear uniform, gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing.
8.	Determine the optical density (OD value) of each well at once, using a micro-plate reader set to 450 nm. User should open the micro-plate reader in advance, preheat the instrument, and set the testing parameters.
9.	After experiment, store all reagents according to the specified storage temperature respectively until their expiry.

When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.

Sample Type	Protocol
Serum	If using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Plasma	Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit.
Urine & Cerebrospinal Fluid	Collect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid.
Cell culture supernatant	Collect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately.
Cell lysates	Solubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Tissue homogenates	The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C.
Tissue lysates	Rinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Breast Milk	Collect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles.

ELISA	Antibodies
Human CD46 / MCP ELISA Kit	Anti-CD46 Antibody (CAB13515)
Human MCP/CD46 (Membrane Cofactor Protein) CLIA Kit (HUES00976)	Anti-CD46 Antibody (CAB1653)
	Anti-CD46 Antibody (CAB19022)
	CD44 Antibody (PACO08292)
	SPN Antibody (PACO15986)