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Human GSTA4 / Glutathione S Transferase Alpha 4 ELISA Kit

SKU:
HUFI02531
Product Type:
ELISA Kit
Size:
96 Assays
Uniprot:
O15217
Sensitivity:
0.094ng/ml
Range:
0.156-10ng/ml
ELISA Type:
Sandwich
Synonyms:
GSTalpha4, GSTA4, Glutathione S-transferase A4, GST class-alpha member 4, Glutathione S-transferase A4-4
Reactivity:
Human
€599
Frequently bought together:

Description

Human GSTA4/Glutathione S Transferase Alpha 4 ELISA Kit

The Human GSTA4 (Glutathione S-Transferase Alpha 4) ELISA Kit is a highly accurate and reliable tool for detecting GSTA4 levels in human serum, plasma, and cell culture supernatants. This kit offers exceptional sensitivity and specificity, ensuring precise and reproducible results for a variety of research applications.GSTA4 is an important enzyme involved in detoxification processes by catalyzing the conjugation of reduced glutathione with various electrophilic compounds. Its expression is linked to drug resistance, carcinogenesis, and oxidative stress, making it a valuable biomarker for studying these processes and developing potential therapeutic interventions.

By using the Human GSTA4 ELISA Kit, researchers can gain valuable insights into the role of GSTA4 in various disease states and uncover new opportunities for targeted therapies. With its ease of use and reliable performance, this kit is a valuable tool for advancing scientific knowledge in the field of biochemistry and molecular biology.

Product Name:Human GSTA4 / Glutathione S Transferase Alpha 4 ELISA Kit
Product Code:HUFI02531
Size:96 Assays
Alias:GSTalpha4, GSTA4, Glutathione S-transferase A4, GST class-alpha member 4, Glutathione S-transferase A4-4
Detection method:Sandwich ELISA, Double Antibody
Application:This immunoassay kit allows for the in vitro quantitative determination of Human GSTalpha4 concentrations in serum plasma and other biological fluids.
Sensitivity:0.094ng/ml
Range:0.156-10ng/ml
Storage:4°C for 6 months
Note:For Research Use Only
Recovery:Matrices listed below were spiked with certain level of Human GSTalpha4 and the recovery rates were calculated by comparing the measured value to the expected amount of Human GSTalpha4 in samples.
MatrixRecovery range(%)Average(%)
serum(n=5)87-10597
EDTA plasma(n=5)85-10193
UFH plasma(n=5)92-10296
Linearity:The linearity of the kit was assayed by testing samples spiked with appropriate concentration of Human GSTalpha4 and their serial dilutions. The results were demonstrated by the percentage of calculated concentration to the expected.
Sample1:21:41:8
serum(n=5)87-105%92-104%85-104%
EDTA plasma(n=5)83-97%83-101%86-97%
UFH plasma(n=5)83-96%85-98%82-98%
CV(%):Intra-Assay: CV<8%
Inter-Assay: CV<10%
ComponentQuantityStorage
ELISA Microplate (Dismountable)8×12 strips4°C for 6 months
Lyophilized Standard24°C/-20°C
Sample/Standard Dilution Buffer20ml4°C
Biotin-labeled Antibody(Concentrated)120ul4°C (Protect from light)
Antibody Dilution Buffer10ml4°C
HRP-Streptavidin Conjugate(SABC)120ul4°C (Protect from light)
SABC Dilution Buffer10ml4°C
TMB Substrate10ml4°C (Protect from light)
Stop Solution10ml4°C
Wash Buffer(25X)30ml4°C
Plate Sealer5-

Other materials and equipment required:

  • Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
  • Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
  • Incubator
  • Deionized or distilled water
  • Absorbent paper
  • Buffer resevoir
UniprotO15217
UniProt Protein Function:GSTA4: Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. This isozyme has a high catalytic efficiency with 4-hydroxyalkenals such as 4- hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). Belongs to the GST superfamily. Alpha family.
UniProt Protein Details:Protein type:Xenobiotic Metabolism - drug metabolism - cytochrome P450; Xenobiotic Metabolism - metabolism by cytochrome P450; Other Amino Acids Metabolism - glutathione; EC 2.5.1.18; Transferase

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 6p12.1

Cellular Component: cytosol

Molecular Function:glutathione transferase activity; protein binding; protein homodimerization activity

Biological Process: glutathione metabolic process; xenobiotic metabolic process

NCBI Summary:Cytosolic and membrane-bound forms of glutathione S-transferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families. These enzymes are involved in cellular defense against toxic, carcinogenic, and pharmacologically active electrophilic compounds. At present, eight distinct classes of the soluble cytoplasmic mammalian glutathione S-transferases have been identified: alpha, kappa, mu, omega, pi, sigma, theta and zeta. This gene encodes a glutathione S-tranferase belonging to the alpha class. The alpha class genes, which are located in a cluster on chromosome 6, are highly related and encode enzymes with glutathione peroxidase activity that function in the detoxification of lipid peroxidation products. Reactive electrophiles produced by oxidative metabolism have been linked to a number of degenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, cataract formation, and atherosclerosis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
UniProt Code:O15217
NCBI GenInfo Identifier:6016167
NCBI Gene ID:2941
NCBI Accession:O15217.1
UniProt Secondary Accession:O15217,Q5T7Q8, Q6P4G1, Q9BX18, Q9H414, B2RD15,
UniProt Related Accession:O15217
Molecular Weight:14,884 Da
NCBI Full Name:Glutathione S-transferase A4
NCBI Synonym Full Names:glutathione S-transferase alpha 4
NCBI Official Symbol:GSTA4  
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols:GTA4; GSTA4-4  
NCBI Protein Information:glutathione S-transferase A4
UniProt Protein Name:Glutathione S-transferase A4
UniProt Synonym Protein Names:GST class-alpha member 4; Glutathione S-transferase A4-4
Protein Family:Glutathione S-transferase
UniProt Gene Name:GSTA4  
UniProt Entry Name:GSTA4_HUMAN

*Note: Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.

Before adding to wells, equilibrate the SABC working solution and TMB substrate for at least 30 min at 37°C. When diluting samples and reagents, they must be mixed completely and evenly. It is recommended to plot a standard curve for each test.

StepProtocol
1.Set standard, test sample and control (zero) wells on the pre-coated plate respectively, and then, record their positions. It is recommended to measure each standard and sample in duplicate. Wash plate 2 times before adding standard, sample and control (zero) wells!
2.Aliquot 0.1ml standard solutions into the standard wells.
3.Add 0.1 ml of Sample / Standard dilution buffer into the control (zero) well.
4.Add 0.1 ml of properly diluted sample ( Human serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.) into test sample wells.
5.Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37 °C for 90 min.
6.Remove the cover and discard the plate content, clap the plate on the absorbent filter papers or other absorbent material. Do NOT let the wells completely dry at any time. Wash plate X2.
7.Add 0.1 ml of Biotin- detection antibody working solution into the above wells (standard, test sample & zero wells). Add the solution at the bottom of each well without touching the side wall.
8.Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37°C for 60 min.
9.Remove the cover, and wash plate 3 times with Wash buffer. Let wash buffer rest in wells for 1 min between each wash.
10.Add 0.1 ml of SABC working solution into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C for 30 min.
11.Remove the cover and wash plate 5 times with Wash buffer, and each time let the wash buffer stay in the wells for 1-2 min.
12.Add 90 µl of TMB substrate into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C in dark within 10-20 min. (Note: This incubation time is for reference use only, the optimal time should be determined by end user.) And the shades of blue can be seen in the first 3-4 wells (with most concentrated standard solutions), the other wells show no obvious color.
13.Add 50 µl of Stop solution into each well and mix thoroughly. The color changes into yellow immediately.
14. Read the O.D. absorbance at 450 nm in a microplate reader immediately after adding the stop solution.

When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.

Sample TypeProtocol
SerumIf using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

PlasmaCollect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit.
Urine & Cerebrospinal FluidCollect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid.
Cell culture supernatantCollect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately.
Cell lysatesSolubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Tissue homogenatesThe preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C.
Tissue lysatesRinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Breast MilkCollect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles.

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