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Human APEX1 / APE1 ELISA Kit

SKU:
HUFI01688
Product Type:
ELISA Kit
Size:
96 Assays
Uniprot:
P27695
Sensitivity:
0.188ng/ml
Range:
0.313-20ng/ml
ELISA Type:
Sandwich
Synonyms:
APEX1, DNA-, apurinic or apyrimidinic site lyase, Redox factor-1, REF-1, APEX nuclease, APEN, Apurinic-apyrimidinic endonuclease 1, AP endonuclease 1, APE-1, APE1, APEX, APX, HAP1, REF1, APE, Apurinic, Apyrimidinic Endonuclease, multifunctional DNA r
Reactivity:
Human
€599
Frequently bought together:

Description

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Human APEX1/APE1 ELISA Kit

The Human APEX1 (APE1) ELISA Kit is specifically designed for the precise and reliable measurement of APEX1 levels in human biological samples such as serum, plasma, and cell culture supernatants. This kit offers high sensitivity and specificity, ensuring accurate and reproducible results for a variety of research applications.APEX1, also known as APE1, is a vital enzyme involved in DNA repair and maintenance of genomic stability. It plays a crucial role in protecting cells from oxidative stress and DNA damage, making it a key biomarker in various diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and cardiovascular diseases.

Studying APEX1 levels can provide valuable insights into disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies.Overall, the Human APEX1 ELISA Kit is a valuable tool for researchers looking to investigate the role of APEX1 in disease pathogenesis and develop targeted treatments for conditions associated with DNA repair defects.

Product Name:Human APEX1 / APE1 ELISA Kit
Product Code:HUFI01688
Size:96 Assays
Alias:APEX1, DNA-, apurinic or apyrimidinic site lyase, Redox factor-1, REF-1, APEX nuclease, APEN, Apurinic-apyrimidinic endonuclease 1, AP endonuclease 1, APE-1, APE1, APEX, APX, HAP1, REF1, APE, Apurinic, Apyrimidinic Endonuclease, multifunctional DNA repair enzyme
Detection method:Sandwich ELISA, Double Antibody
Application:This immunoassay kit allows for the in vitro quantitative determination of Human APEX1 concentrations in serum plasma and other biological fluids.
Sensitivity:0.188ng/ml
Range:0.313-20ng/ml
Storage:4°C for 6 months
Note:For Research Use Only
Recovery:Matrices listed below were spiked with certain level of Human APEX1 and the recovery rates were calculated by comparing the measured value to the expected amount of Human APEX1 in samples.
MatrixRecovery range(%)Average(%)
serum(n=5)85-10498
EDTA plasma(n=5)85-10593
UFH plasma(n=5)89-10394
Linearity:The linearity of the kit was assayed by testing samples spiked with appropriate concentration of Human APEX1 and their serial dilutions. The results were demonstrated by the percentage of calculated concentration to the expected.
Sample1:21:41:8
serum(n=5)90-104%85-104%96-103%
EDTA plasma(n=5)88-97%85-89%86-100%
UFH plasma(n=5)85-98%87-100%83-98%
CV(%):Intra-Assay: CV<8%
Inter-Assay: CV<10%
ComponentQuantityStorage
ELISA Microplate (Dismountable)8×12 strips4°C for 6 months
Lyophilized Standard24°C/-20°C
Sample/Standard Dilution Buffer20ml4°C
Biotin-labeled Antibody(Concentrated)120ul4°C (Protect from light)
Antibody Dilution Buffer10ml4°C
HRP-Streptavidin Conjugate(SABC)120ul4°C (Protect from light)
SABC Dilution Buffer10ml4°C
TMB Substrate10ml4°C (Protect from light)
Stop Solution10ml4°C
Wash Buffer(25X)30ml4°C
Plate Sealer5-

Other materials and equipment required:

  • Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
  • Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
  • Incubator
  • Deionized or distilled water
  • Absorbent paper
  • Buffer resevoir
UniprotP27695
UniProt Protein Function:APE1: a multifunctional enzyme that plays a central role in the cellular response to oxidative stress including DNA repair and redox regulation of transcriptional factors. Binds DNA and RNA. Functions as an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endodeoxyribonuclease in the DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway, a 3'-5' exoribonuclease for mismatched deoxyribonucleotides at the 3' termini of nicked or gapped DNA molecules, and a DNA 3' phosphodiesterase capable of removing lesions (such as phosphoglycolate) blocking the 3' side of DNA strand breaks. Is a loading factor for POLB onto non-incised AP sites in DNA, stimulates the 5'-terminal deoxyribose 5'- phosphate (dRp) excision activity of POLB, and involved in the DNA cleavage step of class switch recombination (CSR). Possesses reversible nuclear redox activity to regulate DNA binding affinity and transcriptional activity of transcriptional factors by controlling the redox status of their DNA-binding domain, such as the FOS/JUN AP-1 complex after exposure to IR. Binds to negative calcium response elements (nCaREs). Stimulates the YBX1-mediated MDR1 promoter activity, when acetylated at Lys-6 and Lys-7, leading to drug resistance. Is an endoribonuclease involved in the control of single-stranded RNA metabolism. Plays a role in regulating MYC mRNA turnover. In association with NMD1, plays a role in the rRNA quality control process during cell cycle progression. Interacts with SIRT1; the interaction is increased in the context of genotoxic stress. Interacts with HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC3; the interactions are not dependent on the APEX1 acetylation status. Up-regulated in presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS), like bleomycin, H2O2 and phenazine methosulfate. NPM1 stimulates endodeoxyribonuclease activity on double-stranded DNA with AP sites, but inhibits endoribonuclease activity on single-stranded RNA containing AP sites. Belongs to the DNA repair enzymes AP/ExoA family.
UniProt Protein Details:Protein type:Endoplasmic reticulum; Deoxyribonuclease; Hydrolase; Transcription, coactivator/corepressor; Nuclear receptor co-regulator; Lyase; Nucleolus; EC 4.2.99.18; DNA-binding; DNA repair, damage

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 14q11.2

Cellular Component: centrosome; cytoplasm; endoplasmic reticulum; mitochondrion; nuclear chromosome, telomeric region; nuclear speck; nucleolus; nucleoplasm; nucleus; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; ribosome

Molecular Function:3'-5' exonuclease activity; chromatin DNA binding; damaged DNA binding; DNA binding; DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase activity; double-stranded DNA specific 3'-5' exodeoxyribonuclease activity; double-stranded DNA specific exodeoxyribonuclease activity; double-stranded telomeric DNA binding; endodeoxyribonuclease activity; endonuclease activity; metal ion binding; oxidoreductase activity; phosphodiesterase I activity; phosphoric diester hydrolase activity; protein binding; ribonuclease H activity; site-specific endodeoxyribonuclease activity, specific for altered base; transcription coactivator activity; transcription corepressor activity; uracil DNA N-glycosylase activity

Biological Process: base-excision repair; base-excision repair, base-free sugar-phosphate removal; DNA repair; positive regulation of DNA repair; regulation of mRNA stability; telomere maintenance

NCBI Summary:Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites occur frequently in DNA molecules by spontaneous hydrolysis, by DNA damaging agents or by DNA glycosylases that remove specific abnormal bases. AP sites are pre-mutagenic lesions that can prevent normal DNA replication so the cell contains systems to identify and repair such sites. Class II AP endonucleases cleave the phosphodiester backbone 5' to the AP site. This gene encodes the major AP endonuclease in human cells. Splice variants have been found for this gene; all encode the same protein. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
UniProt Code:P27695
NCBI GenInfo Identifier:113984
NCBI Gene ID:328
NCBI Accession:P27695.2
UniProt Secondary Accession:P27695,Q969L5, Q99775,
UniProt Related Accession:P27695
Molecular Weight:35,555 Da
NCBI Full Name:DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase
NCBI Synonym Full Names:apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1
NCBI Official Symbol:APEX1  
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols:APE; APX; APE1; APEN; APEX; HAP1; REF1  
NCBI Protein Information:DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase
UniProt Protein Name:DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase
UniProt Synonym Protein Names:APEX nuclease; APEN
Protein Family:DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase
UniProt Gene Name:APEX1  
UniProt Entry Name:APEX1_HUMAN

*Note: Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.

Before adding to wells, equilibrate the SABC working solution and TMB substrate for at least 30 min at 37°C. When diluting samples and reagents, they must be mixed completely and evenly. It is recommended to plot a standard curve for each test.

StepProtocol
1.Set standard, test sample and control (zero) wells on the pre-coated plate respectively, and then, record their positions. It is recommended to measure each standard and sample in duplicate. Wash plate 2 times before adding standard, sample and control (zero) wells!
2.Aliquot 0.1ml standard solutions into the standard wells.
3.Add 0.1 ml of Sample / Standard dilution buffer into the control (zero) well.
4.Add 0.1 ml of properly diluted sample ( Human serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.) into test sample wells.
5.Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37 °C for 90 min.
6.Remove the cover and discard the plate content, clap the plate on the absorbent filter papers or other absorbent material. Do NOT let the wells completely dry at any time. Wash plate X2.
7.Add 0.1 ml of Biotin- detection antibody working solution into the above wells (standard, test sample & zero wells). Add the solution at the bottom of each well without touching the side wall.
8.Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37°C for 60 min.
9.Remove the cover, and wash plate 3 times with Wash buffer. Let wash buffer rest in wells for 1 min between each wash.
10.Add 0.1 ml of SABC working solution into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C for 30 min.
11.Remove the cover and wash plate 5 times with Wash buffer, and each time let the wash buffer stay in the wells for 1-2 min.
12.Add 90 µl of TMB substrate into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37°C in dark within 10-20 min. (Note: This incubation time is for reference use only, the optimal time should be determined by end user.) And the shades of blue can be seen in the first 3-4 wells (with most concentrated standard solutions), the other wells show no obvious color.
13.Add 50 µl of Stop solution into each well and mix thoroughly. The color changes into yellow immediately.
14. Read the O.D. absorbance at 450 nm in a microplate reader immediately after adding the stop solution.

When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.

Sample TypeProtocol
SerumIf using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

PlasmaCollect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit.
Urine & Cerebrospinal FluidCollect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid.
Cell culture supernatantCollect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately.
Cell lysatesSolubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Tissue homogenatesThe preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C.
Tissue lysatesRinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Breast MilkCollect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles.

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